Analysing The Grameen Bank Of Bangladesh Economics Essay

Dissecting The Grameen Bank Of Bangladesh Economics Essay Grameen Bank (GB) is known as the bank of destitute individuals in Bangladesh. It has been built up for the government assistance of the poor town individuals of Bangladesh, which turns into a good example of the universe of miniaturized scale credit banking framework. At the beginnings of Microcredit, Dr. Muhammed Yunus who is a financial specialist instructed in the United States of America, albeit initially from Bangladesh, acquainted the world with the idea of smaller scale credit in the 1970’s. Tallies (1996) said that Muhammed Yunus chatted with the poor town individuals and find that general nearby bank never demonstrates enthusiasm to give credit to needy individuals and doesn't loan them and they needed to acquire cash from extortionate moneylenders with high financing costs. Subsequently, they wound up pretty much for all time under water and any cash they made went to pay the enthusiasm on these high-premium credits. Yunus got cognizant at that point that poor peopl e issues were somehow or another the same as any other individual: low intrigue credit was a need of life. Meaning of Micro Credit Auwal (1996): An incredibly little advance given to devastated individuals to assist them with getting independently employed. Otherwise called â€Å"micro lending.† This little credits augmentation (microloans) to those in destitution intended to spike business. These advances particularly given to a destitute individual to empower oneself to get independently employed. Budgetary administrations credited a modest quantities of cash for the most part around $50-$150 to destitute individuals as a capital of a private company to begin or expand it. The Grameen Bank in Bangladesh has gotten a model of effective smaller scale advance supplier. Standards of Microcredit: General financing or credit. It accentuates building limit of a small scale business visionary. Work age. Trust building. Financial turn of events. Help the smaller scale business perso n on during troublesome. Bit of leeway of Microcredit Soeama (2004): Source and cost of subsidizing: â€Å" In request for the Microfinance foundations to credit they need financing as well and a steady microfinance organization may have an upper hand of minimal effort of assets which empowers it to give money easily. Framework set up: Microfinance organizations must have a necessary system and foundation to convey these administrations. The Grameen Bank of Bangladesh makes and executes this structure in country town territory. Picture: MFI’s are commonly reprimanded as cash crushing machines which charge exceptionally significant expense. Which isn't really evident thinking about their expense of assets and dangers also they must be feasible. So here I think having a decent name, picture and Top supervisory group helps a lot.† Disadvantages of Micro Credit: Although microcredits are the cornerstone as far as advancement in poor nations, it can likewise have its troubl esome. Without a doubt, the impediments of microcredits are: Some microcredit organizations are frequently unusual. Discounting issues. Spending plan relies upon finances from the legislature or NGOs. Fig 1: Current Microcredit Network of Grameen Bank History of Grameen Bank: â€Å"The author of Grameen Bank Muhammad Yunus open up the possibility of ‘micro-credit’â€minuscule advances to poor people. The bank at present loans more than $500 million per year with a reimbursement pace of superior to 97 percent. Its Group Savings Funds have resources of $186 million. Grameen Bank works 1,100 branches in half of Bangladesh’s about 80,000 towns. The program has been effectively duplicated in many nations, including the Philippines, Malaysia, Vietnam, South Africa, and Bolivia. It has likewise been applied to downtown and provincial destitution in rich countries in North America and Europe.

HS630 Conf Week 3 Question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

HS630 Conf Week 3 Question - Essay Example In the Dam segment, different frameworks in addition to redundancies are being used to forestall hazard event; digital uncertainty results to danger of wellbeing (McGrath, 2011). Control frameworks in Dams are essential frameworks when they are in improved structure. Improved control frameworks happen in appropriate structures and work in a way that is sheltered and free from digital weakness (Stewart et al., 2011). There exists data sharing standards in the Dam segment that relate digital and physical compulsion in addition to methodology for security. The Homeland Security Presidential Directive 7 (HSPD-7) has guaranteed nearness of a National foundation Plan (NIPP) prompting advancement in addition to progress of reinforcement frameworks (McGrath, 2011). The Federal Emergency Management Agency guarantees the presence of web related instructional classes. These involve different issues of wellbeing concerning Dams. It is hard to keep up solid associations between the private and the open bodies that guarantee appropriate sharing of specialists in addition to assets so as to actualize techniques (McGrath, 2011). Use of fitting innovation turns into a test in light of the fact that different complexities may develop. Presence of untrustworthy protections results to harms because of flooding and different angles (McGrath, 2011). A climatic change presents difficulties since it results to a fluctuation in the progression of precipitation. This change influences dam structures since parameters utilized during configuration will require acclimation to adjust to the current factors (Stewart et al.,

Regarding Teslas direct to consumer expansion into China via opening PowerPoint Presentation

Concerning direct to buyer venture into China by means of opening 12 new stores - PowerPoint Presentation Example We will utilize search explore instruments like surveys which will have obviously characterized questions. Different apparatuses of gathering information to be applied incorporate perception. All zones of the investigation will be characterized before the assortment of information. On the off chance that we are effective the examination will have the option to duplicated or demonstrated by future scientists. Too, it tends to be utilized to foresee future results and explore causal results. As per University of Southern California Online Library for an exploration paper to be compelling there are a few guidelines that need following. First off, the strategy must be solid with the goal that its outcomes are not addressed. Furthermore, it is basic that perusers know about how information being introduced to them was accumulated. This will give them trust in realizing that the information is changed. A scientist must legitimize why they picked one philosophy over another (libguides.usc.e du) Acknowledged guidelines of information assortment must be applied if a philosophy, for example, a survey is utilized this is to ensure that the respondents were offered sufficient reality to response. In choosing the examination strategy it’s critical to remember the ultimate objective this will help decide factors, for example, test size. Issues brought about in the time of information assortment must be gotten to and with this the result of the last task

His Study Will include a visit to the Iris and B. Gerald Cantor Center Essay

His Study Will incorporate a visit to the Iris and B. Gerald Cantor Center for the Visual Arts on the Stanford Campus - Essay Example This impacted his work of art of â€Å"The Deposition† in manners that Neoclassicists endeavored to reproduce the Renaissance goals. While in Rome he would have experienced the extraordinary works of the experts of the Renaissance. The canvases and models of Michaelangelo, and the works of art of DaVinci and Raphael instilled him with a feeling of the strict subject as a topic in workmanship and the fine instances of the human structure may have impacted his style of depicting the figure. In Italy during the Renaissance in the later piece of the fifteenth century the specialists of the time were fascinated with the enhanced visualizations they could accomplish with point of view. In â€Å"The Deposition† Regnault utilizes an irregular edge where to situate the focal figure. The point of view would have been exceptionally hard to achieve yet adds enthusiasm to the organization by and large. In the sixteenth century the Renaissance painters built up an interest with the p ower of shading and utilized it as a core value. (Bayer 1) Regnault bestows a rich surface and feel with his utilization of an old style palette including show as he utilizes a dim shading plan with sensational lighting. His utilization of the three primaries, one figure dressed in each, adds a sentiment of iridescence to the in any case serious palette. Here we consider the to be of shading as a core value. ... We additionally observe the Blessed Virgin Mary dressed in blue as she is so regularly portrayed. These images would have been regular to the individuals of Paris and all through Europe when the work of art was made. The account of the enduring of Christ was generally known among the informed, a similar gathering that would have contemplated the works of art and accomplished more significant levels of comprehension in expressions of the human experience and sciences. The Enlightenment shed new light on numerous regions, one of them being old style thought. Religion and philosophy were regularly concentrated even by offspring of a youthful age. The work of art would have had extraordinary importance because of the subject and as a masterful and scholarly accomplishment it would have been lauded and generally celebrated. â€Å"The Deposition† painted during the Neoclassical time frame late in the eighteenth century is exceptionally illustrative of painting around then. It is com parable in style and topic to work made at that point. The canvases of Gericault, David and Delacroix are on the whole chivalrous in nature and epic in importance. The account of Christ’s execution is no less significant. Every one of them painted in a reasonable style with the limitation of the Classical thoughts, following the ampleness and excess of the Baroque and Rococo time frames; typify the seriousness of the tales depicted on the canvas. They accepted that craftsmanship ought to be cerebral, not arousing (Gontar 1). The Enlightenment achieved an energy for everything in the antiquated past. The tale of Christ would have been a piece of these lessons. â€Å"The style of painting was characterized by an accentuation on formal structure, noteworthy topic the soul of the traditional restoration. French painter Jacques-Louis Davis (1748â€1825) was an understudy of Vien. In 1774 he won the Prix de Rome empowering him to learn at the French

20 Must-Dos Before Finishing College

20 Must-Dos Before Finishing College School is a magnificent, enchanted time in a youthful person’s life. Tragically, it doesnt keep going long and there are some must-dos before completing school. There is such a long way to go and encounter. For instance, sharpening the aptitude of an ideal barrel stand requires some serious energy, exertion and a great deal of training. Since the psyche of understudies is so full from their instruction, they may overlook there are different things occurring outside the study hall. On the off chance that you are one of those helpless spirits that have really gone to most by far of the semester’s addresses, it is time we gave you an appropriate advanced degree. We won’t affront your knowledge by referencing things like going to class alcoholic or going streaking. At this point, you’ve either checked out those works of art or you’ve decided you are an over the top pansy to live on the edge. No, no. Here are 20 must-dos before completing school. Snatch your companions and get the chance to work. Get somebody in the bar. Utilize each mushy pickup line you can consider until you really score. Extra focuses on the off chance that it happens to be the hot barkeep you’ve had your eye on.â This will assist you with being increasingly sure when meeting others. Make all out confusion in a class. Run in and proclaim your undying affection for the addressing teacher or cutie sitting in the first column. To augment the impact, ensure you don’t know the individual. Do a Power Hour. Or on the other hand, at any rate its light form. You are not an undergrad in the event that you havent experienced aftereffect. Peruse this guide on the most proficient method to fix headache quick. Make out of here somebody who is thoroughly out of your association. Every individual pulls in others with specific qualities. You can be amusing, alluring, open-heartedâ -locate your solid sides and use them in future. Recommend your RA to do somethingâ wrong and fun with you. The fact is to build up your abilities of keeping up great associations with somebody who is more established and smarter than you. Welcome your teacher to go along with you at the bar. Becoming more acquainted with your teacher better isn't as unusual as it appears. You are simply expected to fabricate great associations with somebody who can assist you with your future vocation yet dont go too far in understudy educator relationship. Dissent something †anything. Obviously, you can generally join a gathering who as of now has a strategic psyche. Be that as it may, it may be smarter to begin your own dissent. That way, you can put your foot down about something like having eight-hour workday or selling inexpensive food nearby. Visit an outside nation. Invest however much energy there as could reasonably be expected. Lower yourself in the way of life, make new companion, learn other language, attempt bizarre nourishment and have a fabulous time! Heres the rundown of goals for understudies. Compose a conclusion piece for your school paper. Enthusiastically declare your thoughts regarding an absolutely unimportant issue nobody thinks about. Or then again, take the contrary conclusion on something that is very standard. Set up an exceptional school quarters party. Set the sweats aside for a night and disapprove of feasting administration. Rest outside. With or without a tent. With or without consent from the land owner. Attempt some remote cooking. What's more, no, Chinese doesn’t tally. Or then again pizza. Get something new and fascinating. Extra focuses in the event that you make it a dynamic supper and hit up all the neighborhood cafés you’ve never attempted. Watch out for the Indian nourishment †it can get zesty! Pursue a peculiar class †something absolutely disconnected to your significant that you could never ordinarily think about taking. Get your companions to go along with you so you would all be able to be befuddled, netted out, or potentially awed together. Here youll discover the rundown of the best time classes you can take in school. Label something nearby. Hurl a little spray painting in an area that is unique/important to you. Connect with somebody in the stacks at the library. Extra focuses in the event that it is an all out unusual you persuaded to put the reading down for a piece. Pull an alarm. Either do it at 3 AM or in final’s week when everybody is examining their minds out. Offer them a merited reprieve. Drink in the library. Drinking in places that are not suitable for that can be entertaining. Be that as it may, dont become acclimated to this. Else, it wont be entertaining. It will be simply wrong. Toss a â€Å"Anything But Clothes† ensemble party. A brisk tip: dont get wearing something that can be effectively ruined by drinks. Or then again, you should go howe bare. On the off chance that its not what you need, pick tough materials for your NOT-garments. Accomplish something unfortunate with your hair or to your body. Pink features or a horrible tattoo. Utilize your creative mind. Play on an intramural group. Assemble your companions and join an association for something absolutely strange †like between tube water polo or broomball. Numerous individuals expect school is for advancing their training. Nonetheless, this isn't the main point of school instruction. School is likewise about experimentation and creating abilities which are valuable for your grown-up life.

How to Choose a Research Paper Topic

How to Choose a Research Paper Topic The first step is to understand the assignment of your academic writing. Your instructor should set out guidelines on the expectations and objectives of the project. Ask them to clarify any unclear parts. When choosing your own topic, a good place to start is with an area you have a genuine interest in. Consider your passions. A natural fascination with a subject is part of the fuel that drives your project forward. But while it’s good to be ambitious, be careful of overextending yourself. A topic which is too technical or specialized may be difficult to support for the first  research paper writing. The next step is to brainstorm ideas in the field you would like to conduct your research. Record every idea you can think of. Make notes on how you could develop clarity  of certain concepts. Use grids, mind maps, and other strategies to inspire good ideas. An advantage of writing things down on paper is you spot patterns in your thought process. Start grouping information from the beginning. Many students use highlighters, sticky notes, or cards to arrange ideas. This technique reveals the stronger points and gives direction to brainstorming. Finally, when you have a healthy quantity of data, use elimination to gradually cut ideas that are weak or difficult to develop. Writing Tip: The topic you pick initially may not be the paper you finally write. This is because it will evolve as you conduct research, and you may select a different angle to the one you planned at first. Focus the Topic Once you have an idea of the subject you want to look into, make sure it isn’t too vague. If it is, use this system to bring it into focus. Too wide: Social media is changing the way we live Narrow it down by asking yourself which part of social media is having a particular effect on our lives. Facebook is changing the way we live This idea is more specific, but it is still unclear with regards to â€Å"the way we live.† We can improve the topic by asking, â€Å"What part of our lives is affected by Facebook?† Facebook is changing the way we communicate Continue asking questions about elements of your topic until you reduce it to a specific concept that warrants investigation. Facebook is popularizing communication with strangers

Macbeth Critique - Free Essay Example

The play I chose to write my critique about is none other than Shakespeare’s shortest and most intense drama known as â€Å"Macbeth†. I personally never seen the play Macbeth but heard a lot about it throughout my high school. Shakespeare is a great playwright known for writing the very famous Romeo and Juliet and also for Macbeth. Since I knew how great of a play Romeo and Juliet was, I knew Macbeth was going to be right up there with it. I watched Macbeth on youtube and what a play it was. I actually enjoyed it and that surprised me. It was a very well written play where a once loyal soldier gets a message from some witches that he would be the King of Scotland one day and would rule Scotland. Him and his impatient wife could not wait for that and took matter into their own hands and killed their king and took over and blamed the killing on some guards. When Macbeth seen that what the witch said came true, he went back to them for more information and was told that he should look out for an enemy â€Å"not born of woman† and he believed that was nonesene. Until he was sneak attacked by Malcolm and his army and when he was about to get murdered he was told by Malcolm that Malcolm was born by c-section and that he was not precisely speaking â€Å"born of woman†. So it was a very intense play for sure. The play about Macbeth that I had watch was a more modernized one it had some very createful theatrical elements. First off since the play had witches in them, the director had to come up with the way to make the witches disappear from time to time. So the director had to have a gauze curtain that was transparent. And for sound design, there was voice overs used for the witches so that it could look like they are actually talking. And the lightning was designed really well, where the goal was to inject a natural light setting. Lightning poles were set to create visual effects for the audience. As for costumes go, most of the characters at the start were wearing informs since they were in a war. The King of Scotland was wearing his silky robe which assures of how wealthy he is. Macbeth costumes changed since he went from a soldier to a self appointed King. But mostly costumes were like they were from the old medieval days. In conclusion Macbeth was a very well written play that had everything. And since I watched a modernized version, the director did very well with the theatrical elements to make it very entertaining for the audience to watch. It was a great action play that I would love to watch in a real live play.

Absolute Alcohol Definition and Formula

Absolute alcohol is a common name for the chemical compound ethanol. To qualify as absolute, the ethyl alcohol must contain no more than one percent water. In other words, absolute alcohol is liquid alcohol that is at least 99 percent pure alcohol by weight. Ethanol is a colorless liquid with molecular formula C2H5OH. It is the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. Also Known As: ethanol, ethyl alcohol, pure alcohol, grain alcohol Alternate Spellings: EtOH

Kant And Mill On Animal Ethics Essay - 1365 Words

In this essay I will begin by explaining the overall views of Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill, then compare and contrast the ideas and philosophies of Kant and Mill on Animal Ethics. I believe that Kant, the deontologist, will not care as much about the duty/responsibility between humans and animals as Mill, the utilitarian, who will see the extreme importance of animal ethics. After studying and explaining the views and teachings of these two philosophers I will see if my thesis was correct, and choose which philosopher to side with. First, I would like to address the teachings of Immanuel Kant. Kant is known for his studies of deontology, or duty ethics, which is â€Å"an approach to Ethics that focuses on the rightness or wrongness of actions themselves, as opposed to the rightness or wrongness of the consequences of those actions (consequentialism) or to the character and habits of the actor (virtue ethics).† (Mastin) Kant specializes in many ideas, but the ideas I wil l focus on are: the will, good will, the categorical imperative, and the principle of humanity. First we’ll start with the will. Kant likes to focus on the will that can only be found in â€Å"rational beings†, which Kant defines as those capable of moral deliberation (humans). Kant states â€Å"the will is a capacity to choose only that which reason independently of inclination cognizes as practically necessary, that is, as good.†(Kant) In other words, â€Å"the will is nothing more than the capacity for practicalShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical Argument For Veganism1685 Words   |  7 PagesUtilitarianism defined by John Stuart Mill, and Deontological ethics according to Immanuel Kant. Through the use of these theories, I will justify the moral worth and legitimacy of the animal welfare debate that is often used to promote a cruelty-free and vegan lifestyle by analyzing questions of animal sentience, the worth of an animal’s happiness, and the right humanity supposedly has to the lives of other living creatures. Utilitarianism and Deontological ethics will provide two philosophical insightsRead MoreComparing Political Philosophy Theories1095 Words   |  5 Pagessentences) Aristotle – Virtue EthicsMill – UtilitarianismKant – DeontologyConsequentialismNodding – Care Ethicswhat would you say is our principal or highest objective by nature? According to Aristotle, it is the attainment of happiness, for it is that alone that we seek for its own sake. Based on Aristotle assertion a woman bearing a child is good.For J.S. Mill, decreasing pain and increasing pleasure is good. However, not all pleasure is the same. Mill argues that intellectual pleasuresRead MoreImmanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill998 Words   |  4 PagesTwo knowledgeable men, one says go right, the other, left. Who is right? Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill were both noted philosophers with opposing theories on what is moral. Each uphold different ways of observing what is right. The theory of utilitarianism held by Mill and universalism held by Kant has similarities and differences. Who stands correct, and who is mistaken? Utilitarianism is the belief that decisions should be made based on how much pleasure they bring (MacKinnon and FialaRead MoreUtilatarian, Deontology and Virtue Ethics1618 Words   |  7 PagesUtilitarianism is defined as ethic based on consequences. An act, either it is morally wrong or good is acceptable as long as the end outcome is greater. In this essay on utilitarianism, I would argue Peter Singer’s calculus preferences, equality is for all living being but sacrificing one for greater good is plausible. Counter argument of Immanuel Kant’s moral deontology claim, it is immoral to consider a human being as a means to an end. 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Kant is considered a non-consequentiality, which means he feels the intentionsRead MoreKant : Kant s Ethics1293 Words   |  6 PagesKhaled AlMarwani Philosophical Ethics PHL270 Dr. Elizabeth F. Cooke Question # 1: Kant’s Ethics According to my humble reading, Kant is considered the hardest to read, grasp and understand among the philosophers that we came across studying ethics. According to Kant, nothing could be called good without qualification except a good will. And the good will is the desire or the tendency to do your duty because it is your duty, not anything else. Thus, nothing can be gained out of an actionRead MoreA Proper Moral Guideline For A Rational Being1664 Words   |  7 Pagesconsequentialism, which is supported by Bentham and Mill, Kantian ethics which is essentially penned by Kant, and virtue ethics, of which Aristotle’s version would be the best example to represent that field of theory. The essence of this argument lies in what the three theories seek in order to understand our moral limits in accordance to positive and negative reaction of such ideas and overall acceptance and application of such theories; with virtue ethics being the basis of the argument contribu te toRead MoreThe Ones Who Walk Away From 1861-1865, By Ursula K. Le Guin1666 Words   |  7 Pagesgrey subject of the needs of the many versus the needs of the few. The two philosophers who ideas will be used to help understand and reason with this subject are Kant and Mill. Immanuel Kant, the father of modern philosophy, argued for deontological ethics, in which mortality is based on duty and obligation. Conversely, John Stuart Mill, a famous 19th century philosopher, supported and revised the idea of Utilitarianism, a belief in which morality is based on which action yields the greatest quality

Leadership And Group Dynamics Between The American...

There are often parallels drawn between war and business because both are represented as ruthless zero-sum games. Understanding the intersection between these two settings is most important because there are immensely valuable business lessons that can be drawn from the battlefield. The following study is also important to members of the armed forces who aspire to enter the corporate world, informing them on the military knowledge they can apply. In both environments, it is indisputable that leadership and interactions within groups are crucial to success. Therefore, this paper specifically examines the similarities in leadership and group dynamics between the American corporate world and the US army. While the discipline of business†¦show more content†¦Another interesting approach to explore is the notion of Obedience to shed light on the limits of compliance and why personnel are subservient to leadership. In order to understand why downfalls of leadership occur in both contexts, this paper applies the concept of Groupthink. Leadership and group dynamics have an interactive relationship, meaning that they constantly adapt to one another. In addition, leadership qualities transcend the environments in which leaders operate; leaders in either setting must be adaptable and emotionally intelligent. Military and corporate leaders are not simply directors, because they must be able to understand and cater to the different motives of their employees. With respect to group dynamics, managers attempt to create a culture that permeates throughout an entire organization. Leaders in each setting actually apply similar tools (e.g. performance-based pay) to institute a culture of fulfillment, in which subordinates can achieve their full potential. Both settings also fall victim to the same flawed patterns of thinking, such as Groupthink. Background The following section provides a general overview of organizational structure and compensation in both the military and the corporate world, demonstrating the use of performance-based pay in both settings. Because there is no standard

Analysis Of Avengers Age Of Ultron - 1816 Words

1.Introduction â€Å"Avengers: Age of Ultron† was a popular American superhero film that released in 2015 directed by Marvel Entertainment and Walt Disney Pictures release. The film works for the Ministry of article 11 of the Marvel Cinematic Universe and the 2012 film The Avengers sequel, which has grossed over $1.399 billion (Mojo, 2015) in the world. Senior film and media reporter Brent Lang said â€Å"it scored the second-biggest domestic opening in history this weekend, kicking off summer blockbuster season† (Lang, 2015). It became the third-highest-grossing film of 2015 and the sixth-highest-grossing film of all time (See appendix 1) (company, 2015). The Marvel series are more and more popular from â€Å"Iron man† and â€Å"Capital America†. They†¦show more content†¦Mickey mouse, Disneyland or cartoon movies? We normally see Disney that is just the tip of the iceberg of the company. The Walt Disney Company is a huge media company, which sold 450.41 million dollar in 2013, and total assets reached 454.29 million dollar (The Walt Disney Company, 2013). It is hard to describe Disney by magic and dream. It is a multinational company with a strategic innovation capability. Walt Disney, Roy O. Disney and M.J Winkler agreed to produce a series of â€Å"Alice Comedies† as partners. Disney Brothers Studio was established in October 16, 1923, which is a start of the establishment of the Walt Disney Company. The company continued to experience a variety of setbacks in this era, such as intellectual property disputes, financial crisis. Until 1928, Disney was famous for every member of the family, across America and around the world because of creating Mickey Mouse, which means creating a company s future. It is more than nine decades, and the Walt Disney Company still provides quality entertainment for everyone. â€Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs† was the first feature-length animated film in 1934, which gained massive success, the number of visitors were more than the previous movie Twilight snow (Gabler, 2007), Snow White became highest-grossing film in 1939. Not only in the United States, the world can see this movie. Success of â€Å"Sn ow White† made Disney Company that have 800 employees get rid of

Financial Review of Billabong Pty Ltd free essay sample

Billabong Financial Review Review of Billabong Financial information for 2005-2008 Note: tables are shown in $’000s (excluding $ values expressed with decimal places) Note: revenue is expressed and revenue from the sale of goods. Question 1 – Revenue and Revenue Margin 2005200620072008 Total Revenue $ (From the sale of goods)$840,701$1,018,227$1,222,911$1,347,618 % Change from previous year24. 60%21. 12%20. 10%10. 20% % Change from base year (2004)24. 60%50. 91%81. 24%99. 73% Change in $$165,972$177,526$204,684$124,707 It is important to note the $ value increases as it is not the biggest % increase. Showing strong growth until 2007, the 2008 smaller growth can be attributed to the GFC or that business expansion has slowed. This can be noticed in the Financial reports list of businesses owned by billabong increasing, from; â€Å"Billabong†, â€Å"Von Zipper†, â€Å"Element† and â€Å"Honolua Surf Co† in 2004 to the addition of; â€Å"Kustom†, â€Å"Palmers†, â€Å"Nixon†, â€Å"XCEL†, â€Å"Tigerlily†, â€Å"Sector 9† and Dakine up to 2008, this gives Billabong International a larger stake at market share, with their brands dominating surf shop shelves. Also with the addition of Billabong owned store fronts becoming more and more common, apposed to being a wholesale provider, the businesses expansion into new countries around the world and the growth of the brand within these countries has allowed Billabong to add to their ever-expanding global brand and an increasing revenue of 1422% over the past ten years, with now average growth of around 19% pa, a growth at perhaps a more manageable level, this shows a steep growth period that is and has for a few years been slowing down suggesting it may have reached its maximum profit potential. With all this in mind, we can see a company with a strong growth period that is now consolidating its position as one of the leading brands in this industry. Question 2 – Gross Profit margin Net Profit Margin GPM = GP (Revenue from sale of goods – Cost of Sales) / Sales * 100 20072008 Total Revenue (from sale of goods) $1,222,911$1,347,618 Minus Cost Of Sales$570,979$608,040 Equals GP $$651,932$739,578 GPM (GP$/Total Revenue*100)53. 31%54. 88% Gross profit margin shows us the percentage difference between sales and the cost of those sales. The result of the margin can help determine what the level of profitability is for the goods being produced. These results show a business that is more than doubling their money invested on the production of goods. Also, the figures show an increase in gross profit margin suggesting the business is becoming more efficient at production or sale of goods produced. These are both strong percentages that show the money invested into the production of goods is money well spent. NPM = NP (before tax interest) / Sales * 100 2005200620072008 Net Profit (Before tax Interest)$189,555$222,014$241,300$270,548 Over Total Revenue$840,701$1,018,227$1,222,911$1,347,618 Equals Net Profit Margin22. 55%21. 80%19. 73%20. 08% Net profit margin shows the margin of profit after expenses (however before tax interest). These percentages are reducing due to increased expenses, notably from increases in selling, general and administrative expenses and from cost of goods sold. Also expenses in depreciation are increasing; however this would be expected from a business at the tail end of a sharp growth period. The net profit margin is reducing to 2007 but showing some regain in 2008, perhaps the GFC and its effect on the cost, efficiency and ability of stimulating sales has had some impact on the 2007 decline but the business is still showing a strong financial position with reasonably steady profit margins. Question 3 – Return on Assets Return on Shareholder Equity ROA =NP (before tax Interest) / Average Total Assets * 100 2005200620072008 Net Profit (before Tax Interest)$189,555$222,014$241,300$270,548 Over Average Total Assets$919,559$1,097,835$1,324,155$1,508,016 ROA20. 61%20. 22%18. 22%17. 94% Return on assets shows how well the business assets are being employed, to what level they are utilised and to what impact any new assets may be having to overall net profit. These figures show a reducing percentage that may indicate the business is investing in higher risk assets that may not yet be presenting their full return potential or as a safe option within the economic climate are investing in lower risk assets with lower marginal return, alternatively it could represent a business that is not efficiently managing its new assets as it is not making the same return on their assets that they previously were. It could, also, be showing the current economic climate were return on assets are requiring more investment and higher cost to gain similar $ yield. ROE = NP (after taxation preference dividend) / Average Shareholder Equity during period 2005200620072008 Net Profit (after Tax preference dividend if any)$125,232$145,659$167,607$176,269 Over Average Shareholder Equity$607,938$674,729$735,903$777,393 ROE20. 60%21. 59%22. 78%22. 67% Return on Equity or the Return on Shareholders’ Funds shows a ratio that compares profit to the owners with a stake within the business. This ratio shows, that if there were no retained profits they may be able to make the percentage mentioned return on their funds invested in dividends, for example $100 invested in 2005 would see a return of $20. 60, these ratios can help investors decide whether they should invest compared to other investment opportunities. The difference between ROA and ROE is the ROA shows what level of return the business is getting on their funds invested into assets and how efficiently their managers are running these assets, whereas the ROE shows what level of return the investors are getting on heir funds invested into the company. Question 4 – Cash flow statements 2005200620072008 Operating activities$122,317$107,675$91,209$153,207 % Change from previous year83. 62%-11. 97%-15. 29%67. 97% % Change from base year (2004)83. 62%61. 64%36. 92%129. 99% Investing activities($37,453)($145,179)($73,462)($146,867) % Change from previous year54. 01%-287. 63%49. 40%-99. 92% % Change from base ye ar (2004)54. 01%-496. 98%-202. 08%-503. 92% Financing activities($86,883)$51,799$34,314$18,626 % Change from previous year-378. 35%159. 62%-33. 76%-45. 72% % Change from base year (2004)-378. 5%385. 19%288. 92%202. 55% Net cash Cash Equivalents$51,022$67,855$113,212$125,852 % Change from previous year-9. 93%24. 81%40. 06%10. 04% % Change from base year (2004)-9. 93%20. 98%101. 85%124. 39% The above table shows the cash flow within 4 main segments of the business operations and the changes within these levels from year to year. Noticeable changes included: -Operating activities ?Decreases in 2007 from higher income taxes ?Lower marginal increase in receipts from customers ?2005 shows lower (than trend in other years) payments to suppliers and employees ? 006 shows steep increase in payments to suppliers and employees ? 2007 2008 show significantly higher borrowing costs, this can be attributed to the significant increases in borrowings in these years. -Investing activities ?2005 sh ows the business made no purchases of subsidiaries or any net cash acquired. ?2007 shows reduced expense to subsidiaries and net cash acquired ? payments for intangible assets has reduced each year, excluding 2007 ? 2007 seems to be a weaker performance year for this business and this may be a reason to why investment in new subsidiaries reduced in this year. Financing activities ?2005 significantly smaller borrowings (of $87m as apposed to $338m in 2008) – main factor to negative figure. ?Higher repayments in 2005 than 2006. ?The business reduced their borrowings significantly in 2005 compared to later years, this may be an indicator to the business growth and expansion plans. ?The business has steadily increased the dividends paid to shareholders from each year. ?2005 seems to be a consolidation year with the business borrowing less and paying back more. 2007 2008 the business held significantly higher borrowings thus payments had to be higher however not compared to the s ize of their borrowings, EG borrowings of $113m at the end of 2005 with $114m repaid (over 50% repayment) compared to 2008 with $471. 4m borrowings with $197m repayment (closer to 30% repayment)). -Net cash cash equivalents ?Net cash held has increase significantly from 2006 to 2007 ? Net cash has increased to a high amount, perhaps this is required for the businesses day to day activities, however if not, it may be under utilising its cash resources. The business made profit from exchange rate in 2006 but in all other years has seen a loss from the effects of exchange rate, this could be due to the strength or weakness of the Australian dollar (or other currencies held by the global business) and the increased transfer from weak currencies to stronger currencies, EG the Australian dollar has remained relatively strong during the GFC whereas other currencies have seen a harsher effect on the value of their currency and as Billabong is an Australian business one could say that more cash would be transferred in to Australian dollars than would be transferred out. What this tells us about Billabong is there may have been some downfalls in 2007, however the organisation has remained stable and is investing for future growth, and although their growth might have slowed from years prior to 2005 they are still a growing and expanding organisation. Question 5 – Short Term Liquidity Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current liabilities 2005200620072008 Current Assets$340,255$474,008$573,518$667,523 Over Current Liabilities$136,645$180,748$172,273$217,102 Current Ratio2. 9 times2. 62 times3. 33 times3. 07 times The current ratio shows the comparison between the ‘liquid’ assets and current liabilities to find how many times the business can cover the short-term commitments of their current liabilities. The Pearson text (pg 298) states that an ‘ideal’ cover ratio is around 2 times, with this in mind we can see the business is in a stable position to cover their short-term commitments and is increasing its ability to do s o (Atrill, Mclaney, Harvey Jenner, 2009). Also it indicates the business is making wise growth decisions at a minimal cost and is investing their funds well, as the current assets are growing at an increasing rate than that of the current liabilities. Quick Ratio = Current Assets (excluding inventory and prepayments) / Current liabilities 2005200620072008 Current Assets (excluding Inv prepayments)$224,682$301,099$387,872$440,098 Over Current Liabilities$136,645$180,748$172,273$217,102 Quick Ratio1. 64 times1. 67 times2. 25 times2. 03 times The quick ratio (also known as the Acid test ratio) is a more accurate way of determining the liquidity of the business as inventory may not be as easily liquidated if needed. The ratios show that Billabong has covered their liabilities and for potential lenders (or trade payables) demonstrates that if the business was unable to make repayments it would not be hard for them to liquefy some assets to meet these payments without detrimental effects on business assets. Question 6 – Liabilities over assets Interest Cover Ratio 005200620072008 Total Liabilities (TL)$300,604$545,609$630,895$830,358 Total Assets (TA)$937,938$1,257,732$1,390,578$1,625,461 TL / TA32. 05%43. 38%45. 37%51. 08% The trend in this gearing ratio suggests the business in increasing its total liabilities faster than its assets and in the long term presents a bad trend towards over borrowing (almost half of 2008’s total liabilities are made up of borrowings). Perhaps the assets are not presenting their value in relation to the liabilities they may have produced while attaining them. However this percentage is still manageable as long as the trend does not continue for too long. Interest Cover Ratio = Profit / Interest expense 2005200620072008 Net Profit (Before interest and tax)$189,555$222,014$241,300$270,548 Over Interest expense$5,896$9,069$19,486$24,986 Equals Interest Cover Ratio32. 15 times24. 48 times12. 38 times10. 83 times This ratio is used by lenders to see the businesses ability to repay loans interest. Although reducing, an interest cover ratio of 10 times is still a strong ratio. However, if this trend continues at its current rate the business may have too much debt for their net profit to cover the interest expense, the business may find it difficult to make further borrowings and may prevent the business from reaping benefits from future investment opportunities. Question 7 Dividend Yield Price/Earnings Ratio 2005200620072008 Market Value Per share at close 30th June$13. 63$15. 35$17. 95$10. 80 Dividends Declared $64,897$84,858$97,435$112,014 Earnings Per share (cents)60. 970. 580. 785. 1 Number of Ordinary Shares on issue205,271,283205,984,631205,859,969205,753,609 Total value of Shares on issue$2,797,847,587. 29$3,161,864,085. 85$3,695,186,443. 55$2,222,138,977. 20 There is a drop in share issue in 2007, perhaps, due to high market value of shares thus investors would opt to sell shares and make high yield from value their shares in compared to the yield they earn from dividends. The 2007 drop can potentially be accredited to the market anticipating the 2008 drop in share value and selling shares at their high value rather than losing their invested capital when the share prices drop. However this alternatively could be a primary attributing factor to the 2008 drop in share value thus affecting the share price further, as there was reduced market confidence, which can be seen by the businesses originator, Mr. G. S. Merchant, selling off close to a third of his share capital invested in Billabong in 2006, potentially as a precursor to future reduced confidence in the performance of Billabong shares, although this may have just been a way for Mr. Merchant to cash out some of his shares in order to invest into other projects, it is a detractor to overall investor confidence. Dividend Yield Ratio = (Dividends per share / (1-t)) / Market Value per share *100 2005200620072008 Dividends paid per share (cents)31. 6241. 2047. 3354. 44 Tax Rate30% Market Value Per share at close 30th June$13. 63$15. 35$17. 95$10. 80 Dividend Yield Ratio3. 31%3. 83%3. 77%7. 20% The dividend yield ratio is a measurement tool for the investor on the return via dividends from the capital invested. The business strategy of increasing dividend paid may be seen as a strategy to maintain shareholders and stimulate current and potential shareholder confidence during decreasing share value and unstable global financial climate of 2008. Although the yield ratio of 2008 is significantly higher investors need to determine whether the reduced share price is worth the dividend yield and perhaps 2008 shows a period where purchase of shares for the long term would yield higher benefit rather than sale of shares and in hindsight suggest that purchase of shares or hold of current shares in 2007 to 2008 would result in negative change to an investors share portfolio. Price Earnings Ratio = Market value per share / Earnings per share 2005200620072008 Market Value$13. 63$15. 35$17. 95$10. 80 Earnings per share (cents)60. 970. 580. 785. 1 Price Earnings Ratio22. 38 times21. 77 times22. 4 times12. 69 times The Price Earnings Ratio is a practical guide to investor market optimism within the prospective outlook of the business. This Ratio shows how many times the dividend (at the current rate) would need to be paid until the initial outlay of purchasing the shares (at current price) would be covered by the dividends received. The Ratio is reasonably stable from 2005 to 2007, however it shows a sharp decline in 2008, this decline shows a dilapidated share and market confidence because of the dramatic decline in share price and outlines the overall deteriorating market conditions as a result of the global financial climate. This helpful tool allows potential investors the ability to judge the performance of this business in comparison to other investment opportunities and thus define which investment will yield the highest benefit to their investment portfolio. Question 8 – Share Recommendation (Yahoo. com. au, 2009) The above chart shows the 5 year share price of Billabong international and assists in determining the share trends and market confidence. Over past 5 yrsCurrent HighLow Share Price$10. 86$18. 81$6. 09 The first consideration an investor needs to make if they are considering investment is to find a company they have loyalty to, or can justify financially supporting. Secondly they must determine whether the capital invested would yield more than other investment opportunities or more than interest return of investing in a bank. Then they must decided using share analysis if the market is stable or whether the businesses share price is stable or growing enough to allow them to realise continued profit from their investment. Within share analysis there are two primary techniques to determine investment viability, which are Fundamental analysis and Technical analysis. Fundamental analysis is the method of analysing the stock through the use of key ratios, comparing these ratios to industry averages and by understanding the fundamentals of the business holistically. Whereas Technical analysis is a method that defines the investment viability by assessing the stock price, stock history, market confidence and other technical indicators. A brief review of these analysis techniques shows the following: Fundamental analysis: Continued financial growth †¢Proven business stability within unstable financial climate †¢Strong and sustainable financial ratios that suggest a growing and stable business †¢Increasing dividend yield ratio suggests growing profits to be made from long term investments through this dividend yield oDecreased share issue assists with compounding this ratio †¢The growing r evenue suggests that continued increases in dividend yield are maintainable with the growth of the business †¢The return on Equity ratio is relatively stable and perhaps on the incline. This suggests that if overall market confidence was to return to levels prior to the GFC the share price would most likely increase towards its previous heights †¢Return on Assets ratio may suggests the business may not be wisely investing their funds, however it is more likely a sign of the current financial climate and the fact that this ratio has not dropped as harshly as other businesses suggests the business has strategies in place to lessen external effects on profitability of its assets †¢Net profit margin and gross profit margin are relatively stable with some incline to gross profit margin, which demonstrates this business is selling its goods efficiently and thus the business should have a continued ability to distribute dividends and assist in growth of its share value through the growth and development of the business value and market confidence in the business Technical analysis: †¢5 year share price history shows low share price in 2008 thus long term sha re investment, in 2008, would potentially yield high profits on the share value †¢Mid-late February 2009 shows steep price drops to $6. 9 †¢Improving market sentiment due to stabilising financial climate †¢Market has not shown full recovery and some financial skeptics suggest the worst is yet to come, thus this uncertainty should be considered when deciding to invest †¢Share price demonstrates ‘bullish’ trend, that is a trend towards upward share price †¢Short term stock stability suggests better return through long term investment, potential trend towards future increasing share price whereas short term prices may only increase marginally. †¢The above chart suggests a potential bottom and end to previous bearish trends (that is, trends towards lower share value) †¢The end of bearish trends and a move towards more bullish trends shows a growing share price that could potentially produce high long term yield to invested capital With the above in mind my personal share recommendation would be in support of purchasing shares. However recommend this as a long-term investment, that is to invest funds; reap benefits from the growing dividends paid and when the share price has regained its strength to sell and yield further return from the probable trend towards increased share value. References: Atrill, McLaney, Harvey Jenner (2009) – â€Å"Accounting – An introduction†- 4th edition Pearson Education, Australia Yahoo. com. au (viewed 04/09/09) Billabong financial chart over 5 years http://au. finance. yahoo. com/q/bc? s=BBG. AXt=5yl=onz=mq=lc= Note: Figures and information have primarily been sourced from Billabongbiz. com and the financial statements within the website.

Disadvantages of Studying Abroad free essay sample

Disadvantages of studying abroad Posted on 21. Apr, 2010 by  Marie M. in  Study Abroad Yes, studying abroad has not only advantages! It would have been too simple: you go to a   foreign country and everything is wonderful, people are nice, your home is beautiful and so on. Lies!!! Studying abroad is not (always) so nice. You might have to face one or even more problems while living abroad and see some of the disadvantages of studying abroad. #1 Disadvantage of studying abroad: You are not a genius Reality is hard, I know. Studying in another country does not mean you will learn English or other languages magically. I remember the father of one of my friends: he was British and uses to live in France for 3 years. But he could not speak French because he never tried to learn it. Of course living abroad will help you to understand the language better, but if you do not talk, you will not improve. We will write a custom essay sample on Disadvantages of Studying Abroad or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page That is why you need to pay attention and study, but be reassured because you live in that country it should make study easier and faster. #2  Disadvantage of studying abroad:  You are alone Even if our society is more and more communicative and even if you are closer to your family and friends thanks to Skype, msn, Facebook and others, it still does not mean it is any easier to study abroad half way round the world. Are any of these people are with you in that unknown country? Nope. That is why you could feel alone and sad sometimes. At the beginning, culture shock will not help you to feel integrated: you will need an ‘adjustment period’. You should create new habits, discover the place you are going to live, meet people for example. I cannot hide to you that it will be hard sometimes. You could feel excluded in the country where you are and not have the social network yet that can give you support and strength. And if, god forbid, something bad might happen back home, you might not have the chance to be with your family and friends and have to stay in that country with your pain and alone. #3  Disadvantage of studying abroad:  Reality can be treacherous First step in that new country and everything seems weird. Differences can be huge between Europe and Asia or small between France and Belgium. Standard of living can be different: more poor people in Eastern Europe than in Western Europe or you cannot expect he same way of life in India than in United States. You will have to face other behaviors, and some can make you feel uncomfortable if you are not used to them: in United State people are going to speak easily with you in the bus, whereas in Europe (read Paris) if you talk to a   stranger you will probably get an angry look or might even scare people away. Everyone knows that Chinese people are different from Americans, Americans are different from Germans, some differences are obvious others are more subtle. We can name that cultural obstacle.

Marketing To Tweens Essays (1319 words) - Childhood, Adolescence

Marketing To Tweens Marketing to Tweens Our research into the tween market led to many discoveries about this group of current and future purchasers. We looked at statistics, marketing approaches, and responsibilities of those involved with this demographic group. Who are the tweens, what do they like, and how do they spend their time and money were areas where we probably gained the most insight from the research. Other areas looked at included how marketers target tweens, ethical responsibilities involved, what are the responsibilities of the parents of tweens, and the future of marketing to tweens. Children between the ages of seven and fourteen make up the consumer market known as the tweens. About 75% of them have dual-income parents and about 50% of them have divorced parents. The tweens are very brand oriented, requesting brand-name clothing like Nike, Levi, and Calvin Kline. This group of young people have a significant amount of money to spend and influence an even larger amount. A survey of 2.5 million Canadian tweens show that they spend $1.4 billion a year on themselves and influence the buying decisions of their parents to an astronomical ten times that amount. This age group is an emerging market for financial services. Many of them already have their own bank accounts and ATM cards. The top three things the tweens spend money on are food, entertainment, and clothing. They are influencing family decisions on everything from what to watch on television to what type of car to purchase. The title of one of the articles says it all, ?Today's Tweens Are in the Money --$1. 5 Billion ?and Have Major ?Kidfluence? on Household Purchases, Says YTV Survey.? This generation is media-wise, sophisticated, technically-savvy, and influential trendsetters who are growing up much quicker than previous generations. Tweens spend 50% of their waking hours in school and are very involved in after-school activities. The majority of tweens plan to attend college and research shows that some are actually saving to help finance their college education. Today's kids are putting away the traditional toys like Barbie and action figures by the age of eight and moving on to what most of us would consider more adult type entertainment. Fun, friends, and fulfillment are very important to these children who are interested in music, fashion, video games, computers, and on-line chat. They frequently socialize with friends via e-mail instead of face-to-face and some Internet forums offer chats among tweens only. They are attending concerts and having a direct impact on the popularity of groups like the Spice Girls. These children are maturing earlier which leads to earlier sexual activity and struggling with appearance and self-confidence. The tweens are taking on adult-like responsibilities while still dealing with normal teen issues. Marketers are spending a lot of time and money targeting the tweens. As James McNeal, Professor of Marketing at Texas A&M puts it, ?Tweens have more market potential than any other demographic group simply because they have all their purchases ahead of them.? Marketers are hoping that by selling these kids on ideas now they will become loyal consumers who continue to respond to their products. There are many of the typical media such as television, magazines, in-store advertising, and private label catalogs used to attract the tweens. However, some marketers are producing products aimed specifically at tweens. Some of these include cruise lines which offer them their own program of activities, hair care products targeted at tweens, and the new Burger King Big Kids Meal which offers more food along with the toy which research shows is still important to this age group. Marketers realize how financially powerful this demographic group is and that they need to continue to focus on reach ing them. As marketers target the tweens, they have to keep in mind the ethical responsibilities that come along with marketing to them. They must not only get the attention of the children but must also get the buy-in of the parents. If the marketing aimed at their children is unfair or unduly enticing, it may result in alienating the parents. Marketers need to avoid seductive advertising and be careful to protect children's privacy, especially when advertising on-line. Another ethical responsibility of marketers is to help educate young

Problems, Solutions and Energy - Write a Problem-Solution Essay

Problems, Solutions and Energy - Write a Problem-Solution Essay'Problem-solution essay' is the correct way to describe a blueprint of essay writing. This is very similar to that which will be presented by a master. In fact, this blueprint is generally an outline of writing a well-structured research paper.Problem-solution essay starts with the thought of the student. The problem-solution process begins with a problem. There is a problem, a thing that can be done or a task. When the student is able to solve the problem, he or she gets the responsibility to create solutions for it.There is a new idea after solving the problem. This idea should be distinguished from a theory, a concept or an anecdote. This is what separates the solution from that of a theory. There are many student writers who do not take this approach.The next step is to organize the data. The data may include the points in the essay or the entire paper. Once the data is organized, the student is ready to come up with and prepare the rest of the problem-solution essay. As a matter of fact, once a new idea has been recognized by the student, the entire paper will start to come into place.An important part of this process is to avoid the problem. The student must remain in control and allow his or her mind to think of the problem. The student should not give up until he or she comes up with the solution. The student is never too far away from solving the problem.After coming up with the solution, he or she must narrate the entire process. The narration should start with the problem and end with the solution. This is also known as a problem-solution story. It is the principal event and narration of a problem.A very important part of this process is the use of a solution as a unique research method. This is because every idea has a problem attached to it.A unique research technique is important to develop. A strong personality is needed in order to facilitate a stronger energy and more suitable energ y density.

Free Essays on Alexander Graham Bell

Alexander Graham Bell's invention of the telephone grew out of his research into ways to improve the telegraph. His soul purpose was to help the deaf hear again. Alexander Graham Bell was not trying to invent the telephone, he was just trying to help out people in need. Young Alexander Graham Bell, Aleck as his family knew him, began reading and writing at an extremely young age. Bell’s family was told of his insistence upon mailing a letter to a family friend well before he had grasped any understanding of the alphabet. As he matured, Aleck displayed what came to be known as a Bell family trademarkan expressive, flexible, and resonant speaking voice. Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, the inventor spent one year at a private school, two years at Edinburgh's Royal High School (from which he graduated at 14), and attended a few lectures at Edinburgh University and at University College in London, but he was largely family-trained and self-taught. He moved to the United States, settling in Boston, before beginning his career as an inventor. With each passing year, Alexander Graham Bell's intellectual horizons broadened. By the time he was 16, he was teaching music and evolution at a boy's boarding school. He and his brothers, Melville and Edward, tra veled throughout Scotland impressing audiences with demonstrations of their father's Visible Speech techniques. Visible Speech was invented by their father but he didn’t have much luck with it. It is a technique were ever sound that comes out of a persons mouth can be represented with a visual character. In 1871, Bell began giving instruction in Visible Speech at the Boston School for Deaf Mutes. Attempting to teach deaf children to speak was considered revolutionary. Bell's work with his deaf students in Boston would prove to be a watershed event in his life. One of his pupils, Mabel Hubbard, was the daughter of a manGardiner Greene Hubbard who would go on to play a vital role in ... Free Essays on Alexander Graham Bell Free Essays on Alexander Graham Bell Alexander Graham Bell's invention of the telephone grew out of his research into ways to improve the telegraph. His soul purpose was to help the deaf hear again. Alexander Graham Bell was not trying to invent the telephone, he was just trying to help out people in need. Young Alexander Graham Bell, Aleck as his family knew him, began reading and writing at an extremely young age. Bell’s family was told of his insistence upon mailing a letter to a family friend well before he had grasped any understanding of the alphabet. As he matured, Aleck displayed what came to be known as a Bell family trademarkan expressive, flexible, and resonant speaking voice. Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, the inventor spent one year at a private school, two years at Edinburgh's Royal High School (from which he graduated at 14), and attended a few lectures at Edinburgh University and at University College in London, but he was largely family-trained and self-taught. He moved to the United States, settling in Boston, before beginning his career as an inventor. With each passing year, Alexander Graham Bell's intellectual horizons broadened. By the time he was 16, he was teaching music and evolution at a boy's boarding school. He and his brothers, Melville and Edwar d, traveled throughout Scotland impressing audiences with demonstrations of their father's Visible Speech techniques. Visible Speech was invented by their father but he didn’t have much luck with it. It is a technique were ever sound that comes out of a persons mouth can be represented with a visual character. In 1871, Bell began giving instruction in Visible Speech at the Boston School for Deaf Mutes. Attempting to teach deaf children to speak was considered revolutionary. Bell's work with his deaf students in Boston would prove to be a watershed event in his life. One of his pupils, Mabel Hubbard, was the daughter of a manGardiner Greene Hubbard who would go on to play a vital role in ...

Migration and Folk Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Migration and Folk Culture - Essay Example An environmental push factor that constitutes a reason to migrate for me would be the creation of a dump site in or around my location of residence. Dump sites are highly toxic and I would have to relocate to an environment that meets my preferences. Contrary to migration push factors are pull factors (Rubenstein 297). Economically, a better job or pay would constitute a significant reason for me to migrate. A social factor in the same regard would be cultural diversity. I would like to move in a culturally rich place where every single culture is appreciated regardless of its origin. An environmental factor in the same line would be a chance to live in a place that highly seeks to address global warming and climate change in general. That is, a place that would go beyond all odds to make a difference in addressing climate changes. A personal habit that I follow that does not necessarily constitute a popular culture is dressing in the view that I dress like an American. Dressing is not necessarily a custom or culture, but it has encompassed my personal habits in more or less the two aspects. The origin of this habit is America. A custom that I follow is associating the old people with wisdom. Old people may not necessarily be wise, although I have become accustomed to that. Various communities in the world can be associated with this custom although it is not popularly practiced. I also follow the culture of rushing against time. Time is a valuable resource especially in the Western countries, a scenario that does not bypass my attention and practice. Europe and America can be regarded as the origin of this rushing and time keeping

Video games as a for of art Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Video games as a for of art - Research Paper Example Why are they perceived as toys and not art? They are as beautiful as the works of arts we see in museums. Art is a manmade object, which is an illustration of an individual’s (artist) emotion and ideas that engage the audience’s emotions. Videogame engage people’s emotions and they are an imaginary world created by emotion and ideas of designers. It might not be made by artists or intended to be art, but that does not make it any less than a piece of art. Videogames even have more influence to people compared to a piece of art because you are in control, you make the calls, which engage an individual more. Have you ever walked into a class and look at the teacher for the full 45 minutes without understanding anything? Well, all people have been through that moment. A school in NYC uses only videogames to educate their students. All the students are paying attention and doing everything they could because they enjoy it. They are emotionally engaged in that videogame they are playing. Videogames are made to entertain people. They entertain people by engaging their emotions and feelings. Many people cried and laughed over a videogame. There are games that need the player to think in order to solve a riddle. Videogames create an imaginary world that an individual is ruling. As a player you’re the protagonist, you’re the king, you’re everything in the game. What is a better place to stay in other than the world you are ruling? As a player, you might like a game and praise the company that made it. What individuals do not think about are the people who made them (Robinson). A game is in a different world, with new building and new creatures that we never saw in real life, but where does all of that come from? It is all the imagination of an individual who spends 12 hours a day for about 4 or 5 year that is working on a game that his name will never be put into. Designers spend years making

Fascist Government Essay Example for Free

Fascist Government Essay Fascist government is better compared to a communism government in that it seeks the reality of the society on strength and weaknesses of nations.   Historically, fascist governments opposed the class conflicts and emphasized that they would forever exist. Though fascists have been used pejoratively in the present setting, it is clear that communism was worse in history as it advocated for classless and stateless society that declared allegiance to the Marxism-Leninism a notion that was impossible to apply.   It is no doubt that communism orientation of social organization where totalitarians dominated and above all, the self perpetuating political party system was the major cause for excessive anarchy like that experienced under the soviet rule. Overview This paper explores fascist government as the better option to communism with greater focus on the historical events.   Through use of questions and answers, the paper explores the principles and theoretical considerations of the two systems of government.   It compares the major occurrences under the two systems of the government to support the thesis statements.   With reference to the period of application, the paper gives a clear analysis of the logistics behind the fascists’ governments as opposed to the communist administration. Questions and answers What are the principles of communism and how effectively did communism governments apply them? Communism government is guided by the main principle of a society that is egalitarian and classless mainly based on common ownership and control of the production means. The principles call for a stateless society with a form of government that declares allegiance to Marxism-Leninism.   Application of communism has and is always controversial in that the well outlined principles form a reciprocating platform for abuse by the same governments. Remarkably, it is communism that has made USSR to be remembered for its ruthlessness when dealing with the community.   In 1928, Joseph Stalin application of communism which he claimed to be directly under his predecessor Lenin innovation, were borne of mayhem and anarchy.   It was marred with extra judicial killings, spying and elimination of the political opponents (Lauren, 173-177). As indicated by fascism, it was important to acknowledge the need for the classes in the society as they were the ones that bore them.   Fascist governments therefore applied the correct principles of the time that were bound on the desire to grow and expand beyond their boundaries.   Though application of the survival for the fittest in the human realms was a major shenanigan, fascism has been credited for creating nationalism and enhancing identity.   Sir Osward Mosley, the leader of British Union of Fascists emphasized that communism was a major cause of suppression for democracy it claimed to advocate (Daniels, 38-45). What were the consequences of communism and abolishing private property ownership to ensure equality? Communism was mainly directed at seeking communal ownership of the production systems in the society.   Under this system however, the government was given a better operating platform to practice massive corruption to the people.   Though the concept was initially well thought of, its application mostly presented the reciprocal a notion that made the whole system to become a failure.   The death of Karl Marx at end of the 19th century has been cited to be the possible end of real communism. Historians indicate that fascist governments rose as a response to the events of World War I, a notion that cited the possible fallouts in democracy and liberalism for their favor of individualism or internationalism.   Historically, this concept was faulty and saw the establishments of the fascist governments like in Italy (Furet and Furet, 178-188). How effective was the system and what were the repercussions? Application of communism was a bloody notion that had far much reaching implication even to the current society.   During the World War II, the communists consolidated power through massive blood shed in most of the Eastern Europe.   In Russia, the struggle by many countries to get independence never bore fruits until the international community intervened later in the 20th century.   Though communist governments claimed to be borne by the people themselves, it is however ironical that most of the third world colonies that adopted the communist ideals like Cambodia, Lao, and Angola are still among the poorest in the world. Though fascist government promoted the growth of their empire beyond their own territories, they supported the nationalism and were mainly driven by charismatic leaders.   This gave the notion of the great capacity of the fascism governments to rationally reason out their application policies.   Nakano Seigo of Japan noted that fascist governments had the capacity to practice democracy than did communist governments (Furet Furet Deborah, 186-190).

psychology :: essays research papers

Psychology – study of behavior and the mind Dualism - the mind is spiritual and the body is physical and they are connected the mind can’t be studied Introspection – Wundt Observers report their reactions TO light, colors, and time perception Psychoanalysis – Freud’s theory of personality and method of psychotherapy, both of which assume the importance of the unconscious process. Behaviorism – scientific study of observable behavior Cognition – the mental process thinking, knowing, and remembering. Basic research – research that tests theories. Applied research – research to solve practical human problems Theory – describes predicts and explains a phenomenon. Hypothesis – testable prediction, usually derived from theory Laboratory research – in regulated environment and everything can be observed Field research – in the real world Self-report – asking people about their own thoughts and feelings Behavioral observation – a form of research based on firsthand observation of a subject’s behavior. Archival research – research that relies on preexisting records Statistics – math used to analyze research data Case studies – research that involves in depth personal observations Surveys – research method that interviews or questions large groups of people Epidemiology – study of distribution of an illness in a population Random sample – a method of selection in which everyone has an equal chance of being chosen Naturalistic observation – observation of behavior as it occurs naturally in real-world settings. Correlation – a statistical measure of the extent to which two variables are associated Scatterplot – a graph which has dots for X and Y and reveals direction and strength of their correlation. Experiment – research in which an investigator changes and keeps constant the variables on randomly assigned subjects. Independent variable – any variable that the researcher manipulates in an experiment Dependant variable – a variable that is being measured in an experiment Experimental group – the group that is exposed to the independent variable Control group – the group that isn’t exposed to the independent variable Random assignment – random assignments to an experiment Replication – the process of repeating an experiment to see if the results are reliable enough to be duplicated. Generalizability – the extent to which a finding relates to, such as a certain population. Meta-analysis – statistical procedures used to review a body of evidence by combining the results of individual studies. Deception – misleading subjects to the true purpose of a study. Informed consent – ethical requirement if one wants to participate in a study (of ones own free will) Evolutionary psychology – principles of evolution to understand human social behavior Behavioral genetics – genes and their affect on behavior

The Concept and Practice of Depreciation

The concept and practice of depreciation plays an integral part in a company†s cash flow situation and funding. The two main reasons this occurs are that firstly depreciation is a for of self finance, and secondly because a company does not have to pay taxes on depreciation, hence excluding taxation from a cash amount which enlarges the cash flow of a company. As a term, depreciation is defined as a loss in value, a diminishment in market price, always taking the time factor into account, because the view point of depreciation is always a rate of change in value in an asset (fixed or current) compared to the present value of that asset. If a company purchases or rents machinery, or any sort of equipment used for production purposes, it has to take into account the purchased or rented good†s production life span, meaning that everything has a certain period of time in which it contributes to production before it is rendered useless. I use the term useless in the sense that what is produced does not bring profit to the company due to wear and tear resulting in production time loss and a lower standard of quality. The time based usefulness of an asset of course varies depending on what the asset is. If it is a van for example, its usefulness might be seven years before the van needs replacing, but if it is a building we are talking about, its usefulness may be forty years. For example, is a JCB digger were to be purchased in 2000 at the value of  £15000, and its productive life span were to be eight years, this would mean that in eight years time, the digger purchased would cease to be of any productive use to the company which purchased it. If it were to be resoled in 2008 though, its value would have depreciated drastically due to the time lapse from the initial purchase. Its depreciation, hence its devaluation, is its year zero value less an annual percentage of the devaluation process updated annually. Depreciation does not only apply to current assets, but also is applicable to fixed asset as well. Buildings for example lose their value too taking the time scale factor into account. If a building is purchased in 1970 as a newly built structure, its value will have definitely decreased in 2025 by the depreciation rate estimated. The way depreciation is worked out is by subtracting the rate of depreciation (of the year in question) from the present value. The rate of depreciation varies from year to year by its power (in the process of the annual 1 multiplied by the percentage rate of depreciation) being the year number of its depreciation and its depreciation rate possibly varying from year to year. Because depreciation is subtracted from the assets of a financial statement, it is not subject to taxation, therefore the company has automatically achieved a higher cash flow status by depreciating its assets, the worth of its capital value. We can see this in the following mock cash flow calculation (Last Page). In the first and second row, because depreciation is included, the cash and accounting sum of depreciation is not taxed, this leaves the company with more cash flow compared to the third column of the calculation sheet where depreciation is not included. This form of saving, or investing, not only allows a company to have a greater financial mobility in the market it is involved in, but also ensures the replacement of necessary current and fixed assets needed for production purposes. The best way for a firm to be financed it through self finance, and since depreciation is retained cash for future asset replacement, it is a form of self financing. This saves the company paying out interest rates on bank loans for example, an external source of finance which demands a price for the service provided to the company.

All About the Empire State Building

The Empire State Building is one of the most famous buildings in the world. It was the tallest building in the world when it was built in 1931 and kept that title for nearly 40 years. In 2017, it was ranked as the fifth tallest building in the United States, topping out at 1,250 feet. The total height, including the lightning rod, is 1,454 feet, but this number is not used for ranking. It is located at 350 Fifth Avenue (between 33rd and 34th streets) in New York City. The Empire State Building is open every day from 8 a.m. to 2 a.m., making possible romantic late-night visits to the observation decks. The Building of the Empire State Building Construction began in March 1930, and it was officially opened on May 1, 1931, when then-President Herbert Hoover pushed a button in Washington and turned on the lights. The ESB was designed by the architects Shreve, Lamb Harmon Associates and built by Starrett Bros. Eken. The building cost $24,718,000 to build, which was nearly half the expected cost because of the effects of the  Great Depression.   Though rumors of hundreds of people dying on the work site circulated during the time of its construction, official records say that only five workers died. One worker was struck by a truck; a second fell down an elevator shaft; a third was hit by a hoist; a fourth was in a blast area;  a fifth fell off a scaffold. Inside the Empire State Building The first thing you encounter as you enter the Empire State Building is the lobby — and what a lobby this is. It was restored in 2009 to its authentic art deco design that includes ceiling murals in 24-karat gold and aluminum leaf. On the wall is an iconic  image of the building with light flowing from its mast. The ESB has two observation decks. The one on the 86th floor, the main deck, is the highest open-air deck in New York.  This is the deck thats been made famous in countless movies; two iconic ones are An Affair to Remember and Sleepless in Seattle. From this deck, which wraps around the spire of the ESB, you get a 360-degree view of New York that includes the Statue of Liberty, Brooklyn Bridge, Central Park, Times Square, and the Hudson and East rivers. The top deck of the building, on the 102nd floor, gives you the most stunning view possible of New York and a birds-eye view of the street grid, impossible to see from a lower level. On a clear day, you can see for 80 miles, says the ESB website. The Empire State Building also houses shops and restaurants that include the State Bar and Grill, which serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner in an art deco setting. Its off the 33rd Street lobby. Besides all these tourist attractions, the Empire State Building is home to rentable space for businesses. The ESB has 102 floors, and if youre in good shape and want to walk from street level to the 102nd floor, you will climb 1,860 steps. Natural light shines through 6,500 windows, which also afford spectacular views of Midtown Manhattan. Empire State Building Lights Since 1976 the ESB has been lit up to mark celebrations and events. In 2012, LED lights were installed — they can display 16 million colors that can be changed in an instant. To find out the lights schedule, check the Empire State Building website, linked above.